{"id":59626,"date":"2022-10-18T19:35:15","date_gmt":"2022-10-18T15:35:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/geworld.ge\/ge\/?p=59626"},"modified":"2022-10-25T08:42:18","modified_gmt":"2022-10-25T04:42:18","slug":"qartveli-eris-gadamrcheneli","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geworld.ge\/ge\/qartveli-eris-gadamrcheneli\/","title":{"rendered":"\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8, \u201e\u10db\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u201c \u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4 II \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0-\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10e9\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10db \u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10de\u10e3\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d8\u10d2\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea,&nbsp; 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<strong>\u10d6\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 <\/strong>\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10ea\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2,&nbsp; \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e3\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd, \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10d6\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10db\u10d0 <strong>\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0 \u10de\u10e3\u10e2\u10d8\u10dc\u10db\u10d0<\/strong> \u10e3\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ed\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4&nbsp; \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10e3\u10da \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 &nbsp;\u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10d3 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d0 \u10e3\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0 1654 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc &nbsp;\u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4, \u10d0\u10dc\u10e3, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10d1\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da, \u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da \u10e3\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10da \u10d9\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10d9\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d4\u10e2\u10db\u10d0\u10dc <strong>\u10d1\u10dd\u10d2\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10ee\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10dc\u10d8\u10ea\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1<\/strong> \u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d6\u10d4, \u10e3\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10ec\u10db\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d3\u10d0. \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4 \u10e0\u10dd\u10db, \u10d4.\u10ec. \u10e3\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10ec\u10d8\u10e4\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d0, \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd \u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10dd\u10da\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10ea\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10e8\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1, \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3 <strong>\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0 \u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1<\/strong> \u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d7\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10db 1654 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc, 3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10ec\u10d8\u10e4\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10d0\u10ea \u10eb\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10ec\u10db\u10e3\u10dc\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10e3\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10eb\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 (\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1 \u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e9\u10e1 \u10dc\u10e3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7) &nbsp;\u10db\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4 \u10d4.\u10ec. \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 &#8211; <strong>\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d1\u10d0\u10e9\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0<\/strong> \u10d3\u10d0 <strong>\u10d4\u10da\u10ea\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1<\/strong> \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 <strong>\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 <\/strong>\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e1\u10e0\u10d9-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0 \u10de\u10e3\u10e2\u10d8\u10dc\u10db\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 XX \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d4\u10dd\u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10e4\u10d0 \u10e3\u10ec\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0.&nbsp; 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\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u201c.<\/strong> \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10dc \u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10e9, \u10e3\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1&nbsp; \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2, \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10ea \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e3\u10e2\u10dd\u10de\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e9\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e1\u10e0\u10d9-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0. \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d7, \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10da \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4 &nbsp;\u10d0\u10e8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d0 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0 \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8. &nbsp;\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0 (\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10dc\u10dd\u10dc\u10e1\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc &nbsp;\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 2- \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10ea \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0, \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db \u10d7\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1&nbsp; \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0&nbsp; \u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10da\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1), \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10d5\u10dc\u10dd \u10d3\u10dd\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e9\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db, \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d9\u10d1\u10d8\u10da-\u10db\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10ec\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1\u10d8, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8&nbsp; 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\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ee\u10e1\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10dd \u201e\u10d1\u10d8\u10eb\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d7\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u201c \u10e8\u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10d0-\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e6\u10db\u10d0, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd <strong>\u10f0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d4\u10e2 \u10d1\u10d8\u10e9\u10d4\u10e0 \u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e3\u10e1\u10d0<\/strong> \u10d3\u10d0 <strong>\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9 \u10e2\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1<\/strong> \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d9\u10dd\u10ea\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d8\u10d6\u10d2\u10d8\u10d6\u10dd \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10d2\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd \u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1. \u10d5\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1,&nbsp; 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\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d8&nbsp; \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0, \u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10ea \u10d1\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10ee\u10e1\u10dd\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10e8\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d0\u10d5\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0&nbsp; \u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 <strong>\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4 II-\u10d8\u10e1<\/strong> \u10db\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0&nbsp; (\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0, \u10d2\u10d8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d7 <strong>\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4<\/strong> \u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10e1 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10dd), \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea \u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc, \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4, \u10dc\u10d0\u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d0, \u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10eb\u10e3\u10da\u10d4 <strong>\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc, <\/strong>\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1 \u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8<\/strong>&nbsp; \u10e1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd (\u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10dd \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e9\u10d0\u10e4\u10e1\u10d9\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8 \u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10da\u10d0) \u10d9\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e1, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 15 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10e6\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea 1735 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10e8\u10d8,&nbsp; \u10ef\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5 \u10e3\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10ec\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d0, \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10db\u10d8\u10d7, \u10dc\u10d4\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d6\u10d4 (\u10e5\u10d8\u10d6\u10d8\u10e7\u10d8) \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10ec\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10ed\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10da\u10d4\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10e0\u10d8\u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ef\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8.&nbsp; \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2&nbsp; 60 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e9\u10d0\u10e3\u10d2\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10d2\u10d8\u10e0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d4\u10d3\u10dd \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8. \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da-\u10d9\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e2\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10db\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10e1\u10ee\u10d4\u10d7-\u10ef\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd. \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10e1 \u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10e3\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10ea \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc. \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10db 1568 -\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc&nbsp; 1914-18 &nbsp;\u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4, \u10d0\u10dc\u10e3 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd \u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4, \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7-\u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 12 \u10dd\u10db\u10d8 \u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8\u10ea \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 &nbsp;11-\u10ef\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8. \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10e1\u10e3\u10d1\u10e3\u10e5\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d8 1853-56 \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10db\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0. \u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10ea \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d9\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d4\u10d7-\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10da\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc. \u10d0\u10db \u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc &nbsp;\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10db \u10dd\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0. \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 -1768-74 &nbsp;\u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10db\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea <strong>\u10e5\u10e3\u10e9\u10e3\u10d9-\u10d9\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e1<\/strong> \u10d6\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0. \u10d0\u10db \u10dd\u10db\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd \u10d0\u10e0 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10ec\u10db\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10db\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0 &nbsp;\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10d5\u10dd \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d4\u10d9\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 23-\u10d4 \u10db\u10e3\u10ee\u10da\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d8\u10ea \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u201e\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10d8\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u201c \u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc &nbsp;\u201e\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u201c \u10d8\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e1&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/ka.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D\">\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc<\/a> &nbsp;\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10ec\u10db\u10e3\u10dc\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10ec\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4. \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d4\u10d9\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10dd \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea &#8211; \u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 (<a href=\"https:\/\/ka.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%98\">\u10d1\u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/ka.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98\">\u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/ka.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A3%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98\">\u10e5\u10e3\u10d7\u10d0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8<\/a>), \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ef\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10da\u10d0, \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0, \u201e\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d8\u10d2\u10d8 \u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10d5\u10dc\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0\u201c, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10e0\u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 (\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u201e\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d4\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10d5\u10dc\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0\u201c) \u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1; \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10db\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10eb\u10da\u10dd \u10e5\u10e3\u10e9\u10e3\u10d9-\u10d9\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10d5\u10dd \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d4\u10d9\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10dd \u10db\u10e3\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. <a href=\"https:\/\/ka.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C_I\">\u10e1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u10dc I<\/a>-\u10db\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10ea\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10e1, \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 &nbsp;&#8211; 1877-78 \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 &nbsp;\u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10db &nbsp;\u10d3\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e8\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d0\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10e1\u10ee\u10d4\u10d7-\u10ef\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d0\u10db \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd \u10d4\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1783 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10db\u10d0 <strong>\u10de\u10dd\u10e2\u10d8\u10dd\u10db\u10d9\u10d8\u10dc\u10db\u10d0<\/strong> \u10e7\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10da \u10d7\u10d0\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10e7\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10db\u10d8. \u10d0\u10db \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10da\u10dd\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4\u10da \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d0\u10d5 \u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10de\u10dd\u10e2\u10d8\u10dd\u10db\u10d9\u10d8\u10dc\u10db\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10d8 \u10ea\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10da\u10dd\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd \u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10d0. \u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4, \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10e1 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u00a0\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10dd\u10dc\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d0 &#8211; \u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10e7\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10db\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0, \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e3\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0? &#8211; \u10d5\u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1, \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d0&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10ee\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10d4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P.S. \u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d8 \u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0 \u10de\u10e3\u10e2\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d0:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u10d1\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd \u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10d6\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd! \u10dc\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0 \u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10e2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d2\u10db\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db&nbsp; \u10e3\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1 (\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8, \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10ea \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 &#8211; \u10d3.\u10db.). \u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10dd\u10e2\u10db\u10d0 \u10df\u10dd\u10d6\u10d4\u10e4 \u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d8&nbsp; \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10eb\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0, \u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0 \u10de\u10e3\u10e2\u10d8\u10dc\u10db\u10d0 \u10da\u10d8\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10ef\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10e5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ec\u10e7\u10dd\u10dd. \u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10ed\u10d9\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ea\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10db\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d4\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10d0, \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10ee\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1&#8230; \u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd, \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10e0\u10d8\u10d2\u10e8\u10d8, &nbsp;\u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d0\u10db \u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10ee\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e3\u10e7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1 &nbsp;\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e3\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10db &nbsp;\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1&nbsp; \u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10ee\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10db\u10d4. \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3, \u201e\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0?\u201c &nbsp;\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea \u10db\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 &#8211; \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 &#8211; \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd. \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 &nbsp;\u10d8\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e1\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10d7 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1, \u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d9\u10d8 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10db\u10d8\u10d8\u10e6\u10d4\u10d7. \u10d0\u10dc\u10e3, \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd \u10da\u10d2\u10d1\u10e2 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10e7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10d7 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc (\u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10e1) \u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10eb\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u201e\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1\u201c \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10d0\u10dc\u10e3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 (\u10d0\u10e8\u10e8) \u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10eb\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10e1 (\u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8). \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d8\u10dc, \u10ec\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10da \u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d8\u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10dd\u10d9-\u10e8\u10dd\u10e3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8, \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10db\u10d4:&nbsp; 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